The Brain and Mitochondria Boosting Benefits of Acetyl L Carnitine (ALCAR) by Alex Leaf, M.S. The Energy Blueprint Short Note On Carnitine Shuttle: Fatty acids are oxidized in mitochondria, and synthesized in the cytoplasm. Long chain fatty acids must form an active intermediate, fatty acyl CoA, before being oxidized inside mitochondria. Catherine Figure 1. [The carnitine shuttle]. GeneReviews NCBI Bookshelf Role of Carnitine Shuttle System in the Active Transport of Fatty Acyl Coa into the mitochondrial Carnitine Metabolism and Its Role in Fatty Acid Oxidation Creative Proteomics Carnitine Shuttle and Ferroptosis in Cancer